SPID and CIE explained: Italian digital identity for Americans

What they are

• SPID is a digital identity issued by private providers. You log in to public-service websites with a username, a password and a second step, such as a code on your phone.
• The CIE (Carta d'Identità Elettronica) is a physical electronic identity card issued through your Comune. It can also be used to log in, with a PIN or a phone app.

Both give access to many public services, such as tax, health and local-government portals. See SPID and CIE in the glossary.

Which one first?

• SPID usually needs a Codice Fiscale, an identity document, and an Italian phone number and email. That means it can often be done in your first weeks.
• The CIE is generally for registered residents, so it usually comes after residenza.

Many newcomers start with SPID and add the CIE later.

How SPID usually works

1. Choose a provider. Providers differ in cost, in how they verify your identity and in whether they accept foreign passports, so check before you start.
2. Register online with your details, your Codice Fiscale, your email and an Italian mobile number.
3. Verify your identity. Depending on the provider this may be done by video call, in person or with another document, so check the options.
4. Wait for the activation, then set up your second step, such as an app or a code.
5. Test the login on a public-service website before you need it for something urgent.

How the CIE usually works

• You request it at your Comune, often by appointment.
• You usually bring a photo, your Codice Fiscale and your other identity documents.
• The card is normally delivered to you or collected at an office.
• You receive codes (a PIN and a PUK) to keep safe. Don't share them.

Eligibility for foreign residents and the exact documents vary, so ask your Comune.

Common mistakes

• Using a phone number you will lose, such as a temporary SIM or a foreign number.
• Choosing a provider without checking it accepts your documents.
• Waiting until a deadline to set up SPID.
• Storing your credentials carelessly. Treat them like a bank password.

Questions to ask

• Which SPID providers can I use as a foreign national?
• Can I verify my identity online or only in person?
• Am I eligible for a CIE, and where do I request it?

What comes next

Digital identity usually comes after residency. For the full order, see our first 30 days.